Varicose veins are a disease in which they stretch and reduce the elasticity of the vein walls.The disease occurs due to impaired blood flow from the veins;Usually the disease is localized in the lower limbs.This is the most common medical condition that occurs with vascular diseases.It occurs more often in women than in men.
Varicose veins can appear in women as pelvic varicose veins, in men as varicoceles, and in anyone as hemorrhoids.Usually, pregnancy is a provoking factor for the development of this condition, since changes in blood rheology in the direction of thickening, as well as increased pressure of the uterus on the pelvic veins, increase venous stagnation.
The disease develops due to weak venous valves and changes in vessel walls (dilation, reduced elasticity).
How do varicose veins manifest?
This pathological process does not begin completely suddenly, but at first the symptoms of varicose veins are atypical and may be caused by ordinary fatigue.Blood overflowing into the veins is accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the legs, and the feeling of fatigue when walking and standing for a long time develops faster than before.
At this stage, treatment and prevention are the most effective, but many people do not pay attention to this, so they often see a doctor in severe cases.
The formation of a network of blood vessels in the form of “stars” or “bundles” begins to cause some discomfort, because in addition to increasing fatigue and the appearance of swelling, many women are also concerned that the shape of their legs becomes less aesthetic.
The stagnation of blood in the vessels does not heal on its own, so the disease begins to progress.As a result, the swelling becomes more and more pronounced, does not disappear after lying horizontally, muscle pain and metabolic disorders appear, leading to leg cramps. A special feature of this disease is dry and irritated leg skin.
At the same time, veins begin to emerge, clearly visible under the skin, like blue threads, some change shape, become more dense and complex.Patients are concerned about skin color changes and itching.If phlebitis occurs, the veins swell, become harder, and the skin in the area turns red.
When suffering from varicose veins in the pelvic area, the pain often occurs in the lower abdomen, characterized by severe pain when lifting heavy objects, before menstruation begins and during sexual intercourse.All these situations lead to increased blood flow and congestion.Factors that provoke the development of small pelvic varicose veins are pregnancy and childbirth.
Characteristics of deep venous circulatory disorders
Some people think that varicose veins are just a cosmetic defect that only causes trouble for women, but that is not the case.The main blood flow from the legs to the heart passes through the deep veins, so this pathology does not always manifest itself in the form of external changes.
The manifestations of the disease, with a predominance of such phenomena as deep varicose veins, do not differ from other variants of the disease - a feeling of heaviness in the legs appears, swelling appears, which intensifies as the pathological changes progress, and then changes in skin color and the development of trophic ulcers in the affected area occur.
There are cases when deep varicose veins of the lower extremities develop secondary, due to stagnation in all veins, due to flow disorders in the superficial vessels causing increased tension on the superficial vessels.
Treatment and therapy
Treatment for varicose veins can be medical and surgical.With caution, you can alleviate the condition if the changes in the veins are not too pronounced;For this, there are antivenoms, ointments and gels for topical use.All this is combined with wearing compression hosiery.
Surgical methods include many methods to completely treat severe varicose veins.This includes phlebectomy, transection, and venous extraction.Among modern methods, endoscopic venous surgery is performed.